An underbite is more than just a cosmetic concern—it can affect chewing, speaking, and even breathing. While orthodontic treatments like braces may help mild cases, more severe underbites often require surgical intervention. Underbite surgery is a corrective procedure that realigns the jaw to improve function, appearance, and overall oral health.
In this article, we’ll explore what causes an underbite, why surgery is sometimes necessary, and what to expect from the surgical process.
What Is an Underbite?
An underbite occurs when the lower jaw protrudes in front of the upper jaw. This condition, also known as Class III malocclusion, can range from mild to severe. It’s typically caused by genetics, although childhood habits like thumb sucking or prolonged bottle-feeding can contribute to its development.
In moderate to severe cases, an underbite can lead to:
- Jaw pain or discomfort
- Difficulty biting or chewing
- Speech problems
- Uneven wear on teeth
- Self-esteem issues due to facial imbalance
When Is Underbite Surgery Needed?
Not all underbites require surgery. Orthodontic appliances may correct the issue if caught early. However, when braces alone can’t bring the jaws into proper alignment, underbite surgery becomes a recommended solution.
You might be a candidate for surgical correction if:
- The jaw misalignment is skeletal rather than dental
- You have difficulty chewing, speaking, or breathing
- The underbite is causing chronic pain or TMJ issues
- Braces have not successfully corrected the problem
How Underbite Surgery Works
Underbite surgery, also known as orthognathic jaw surgery, involves repositioning the lower jaw (mandible) to improve alignment with the upper jaw (maxilla). The procedure is usually performed by an oral and maxillofacial surgeon under general anesthesia.
Here’s a general outline of the process:
1. Pre-Surgical Orthodontics
Before surgery, patients often wear braces for 12 to 18 months to align the teeth in preparation for the new jaw position.
2. The Surgery
During the operation, the surgeon makes incisions inside the mouth to access the jawbone, minimizing visible scarring. The jaw is then repositioned and secured with plates, screws, or wires.
3. Recovery Phase
Hospital stays usually last one to two days, and full recovery can take several weeks. A soft food diet is recommended initially, and pain or swelling is managed with medication and rest.
Benefits of Underbite Surgery
Undergoing underbite surgery can bring a wide range of physical and psychological benefits:
- Improved bite and jaw function
- Better facial symmetry and appearance
- Enhanced speech clarity
- Relief from chronic jaw pain or discomfort
- Boosted self-confidence and quality of life
Though it requires time and commitment, the results are often life-changing.
Risks and Considerations
As with any surgical procedure, there are some risks involved. These may include infection, bleeding, nerve damage, or temporary numbness. It’s important to follow your surgeon’s post-operative care instructions closely to minimize complications.
Additionally, full results may take several months to become fully apparent as the swelling goes down and the jaw adapts to its new position.
Is Underbite Surgery Right for You?
Deciding whether to undergo underbite surgery involves a detailed assessment by an orthodontist and an oral surgeon. They’ll evaluate the structure of your jaw, the severity of the misalignment, and your overall dental health before recommending a treatment plan.
It’s also a personal decision that should be made after understanding the potential benefits and the commitment required for recovery.
Conclusion
Underbite surgery offers a permanent and effective solution for those struggling with significant jaw misalignment. Beyond cosmetic improvements, the procedure can restore proper function and comfort, improving overall health and well-being.
If you’ve been told that braces alone won’t correct your underbite, consider speaking with a specialist about whether surgical treatment might be the next step toward a confident, pain-free smile.